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リンク先ページの編集上の訂正または翻訳が必要です。

Bethesda Tutorial Encounters/ja
レベルデザインシリーズ、5章
チュートリアルハブに戻る
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プラグインの実例:
初期	完成
コンパニオン・ビデオ・チュートリアル

概要

このチャプターでは、巡回するアクターやそのアクターと行動を共にしている別のアクターとの戦いに関する設定の基礎について考えます（※ 訳者注釈：すなわち徒党を組んだ敵グループの作成のことだと思う）。

このチャプターで学べること:

Leveled リストおよびエンカウントアクターの基礎について
標準マスターパッケージの助けを借りて、簡単なパトロールを設定する方法
ピンポンパトロールとループパトロールの２つの違いについて
アクターに追従する別のアクターの作成方法

基本的な戦い

Creation Kit はあなたに多くの種類のゲームプレイを作成する能力を提供します - しかし、戦いに関してはプレイヤーの活発な動作の手数が大きな割合を占めます。ダンジョンでは特にそうです。Creation Kit は、単純に動くだけではなく、１つ１つの戦闘が記憶に残るようフォーカスを当てられるよう、素早く戦闘に入ることのできるツールを提供します。

Leveled リストとエンカウントアクター（Lvl vs Enc）

Fig. 5.1: Object Window での Enc/Lvl の場所

戦闘 NPC には２種類の基本的なタイプ（ENC と LVL）があり自由に選択できます。２つのアクタータイプは、Object Window の "Actors > Actor" セクションに両方共あります。もしくは Enc か Lvl" でフィルターしても構いません。

Leveled アクター（接頭詞が "Lvl" のもの）は、プレイヤーのレベルに応じて何を発生させるのが友好なのかをゲームに伝える情報を持っています。例えばLvlBanditMelee2H は、両手持ち武器の山賊を発生させます。男性／女性や、使う武器が戦鎚なのか両手斧なのかグレートソードなのかなどはわかりません。詳細はランダムです。

Encounter アクター（接頭詞が "Enc" のもの)は、一般的には Leveled リストに追加するためのキャラクターやクリーチャー（EncBandit01Melee1HImperialF01/02/03/etc...）で、ランダムではありません。例えばスキーヴァーを必要としているときは、EnvSkeever アクターを配置してください。その場所に侵入した際、スキーバーが生まれる場所を指定したということです。これは EncFox、EncDeer もしくは EncSabreCat などでも同様です。

Enc アクターには 'Template' が付いたもの（例. EncBandit00Template）と長い名前が付けられたもの（例. EncBandit01Melee1HImperialF）があります。一般的にこれらは配置するべきではありません。これらはの Enc アクターは、Leveled リストで使われ、それによって置き換えて使うのが通常です（例. LvlBanditMelee1H, or LvlBanditMeleeAny）。

Likir's Tomb に最初に戦場にしましょう。LvlWarlockFire を選択し、２つ目の部屋にドラッグ＆ドロップしてください。場所を決めたら、プラグインをセーブして、ゲーム内でテストしてみてください。魔術師は、火炎のスペルを使ってくることに気づいたでしょう。さらに敵を発見するまで魔術師はぼんやり立っているだけということにも気付くかもしれません。それに関してどうにかしましょう。

プレイヤーが中に入ったとき、すぐに攻撃し始めるような場所に敵を置かないようにしてください。Bethesda は、これをサンドイッチルールと呼んでいます。ロード画面によってプレイヤーの注意が逸らされると仮定するのがベストです - コントローラーを手元に置いてしまったり、ぼーっとしたり、サンドイッチを取りに行ってしまうかもしれません。サンドイッチ規則を守ることは、プレイヤーに戻ってくる時間の決定権を与えることを意味します。

Linked-Refs とパトロール

敵に命を吹き込むのに最も簡単な方法は、パトロールを作成して参照させることです。これは Creation Kit が単純な AI の振る舞いを完全にサポートしてくれる機能です。

Default Master Package と Linked-Refs

The Default Master Package is a customized set of procedures that allows most Actors to path to patrol points, follow another actor, or guard a specific location.

One of the most basic things to do with an actor in a dungeon is to put it on a patrol. Like most lvl actors, LvlWarlock uses the Default Master Package, so setting up a patrol is trivial. If you don't already have a CraftingAlchemyWorkbench or CraftingAlchemyWorkbenchTabletop in this room, then go ahead and place one there now, or any other type of furniture you want - it doesn't have to be an Alchemy Table. We're going to set the Warlock up to use the furniture.

Double-Click the Warlock and click on the Linked Ref tab. (Fig 5.2)
Double-click the empty white area and a "Choose Reference" dialog box will appear. (Fig 5.3)
Click the Select Reference in Render Window button then double-click on the Alchemy Table in the Render Window and hit the OK button, and then the OK button in the "Reference Window". A line should appear between your Warlock actor and the Alchemy Table. (Fig 5.4)
Now just Double-Click on the Alchemy Table, click on the Patrol Data, then check the Patrol Data checkbox you will see you can now input a time in the Idle Time box.
Put the number of seconds you want the actor to wait at this specific PatrolIdleMarker. Since you are linking the Warlock to the Alchemy Table only, and he needs to stay there indefinitely, you need to give the Alchemy Table an Idle Time of at least 1 second.
If you don't put a time here the Warlock will simply walk up to the table, interact with it, then back out of it and just stand there. Giving a patrol time here ensures the Warlock will stay at the table in perpetuity since there are no other references in the patrol for now.

Link-Refs are ways of letting one reference know about another. This is a "dumb" connection, and carries no data beyond a simple association. This lets us assign whatever meaning we need to that association. In the case of this tutorial, they help the actor know what he can patrol to, because the Default Master Package looks for the association . They're also very powerful when it comes to referring to them in Papyrus Scripts.

Fig. 5.2:
Linked Ref tab
Fig. 5.3:
Double-click in the empty white area
Fig. 5.4:
Choose Reference window
Fig. 5.5:
Select the Alchemy bench
Fig. 5.6:
Select OK in Choose Reference window
Fig. 5.7:
Select OK

"Ping-Pong" Patrols

You may not always want characters to stay in one spot, however. NPC movement through space creates a sense of life and adds variety to how the encounter can initiate. The Default Master Package makes this simple to do with simple "ping-pong" patrols, which direct AI to move between two or more points. Let's do that now.

Turn your attention to the room with the round grating.
Place a LvlWarlockFrost Actor somewhere in the room.
Also place a patrolIdleMarker (Under Miscellaneous > IdleMarker in the Object Window)
Double-click the Warlock Ref and set the patrolIdleMarker as its linkedRef, just as before. Click OK.
Double-click the patrolIdleMarker and navigate to the "Patrol Data" tab.
Check "Patrol Data" and enter an Idle Time of 10.0, or whatever you like.
Still in the patrolIdleMarker properties, set its linked Ref to the nearby NorThroneShadow furniture.
OK to close the patrolIdleMarker properties.
Double-click the NorThroneShadow, and give it a Patrol Data Idle Time of around 10.0 as well.
Place another patrolIdleMarker and make it a linkedRef of the Throne. Make sure it has an Idle Time as well.
Your final setup should resemble that in Fig 5.9.

Launch Skyrim and enter the ToggleDetection console command. The actor will walk to each Idle Marker and idles at each of them for the time specified. Notice that when the actor reaches the end of the linkedRef chain, it paths through the chain backwards. This is why we call it a "ping-pong patrol": the actor is bounced back and forth between the ends.

Fig. 5.8:
Type the time here, in seconds, that you want an actor to idle for.
Fig. 5.9: An Actor "Linked-Ref Chained" to three Patrol Points in the 2nd room.

Looping Patrols

Fig. 5.10: A Necromancer on a 3-Point Looping Patrol with a Skeleton following him.

A Looping Patrol is set up exactly like a ping-pong patrol, with one meaningful extra step: you'll "close the loop" of the patrol chain, meaning the actor will follow that route in order, never reversing direction.

Direct you attention to the next room. There are sarcophagi here if you're using the example plugin.
Place a new LvlWarlockNecromancer, as well as a EncSkeleton01Melee1H.
Place a patrolIdleMarker and give it some Idle Time value, as before.
Ctrl+D to duplicate the patrolIdleMarker. Note that the new duplicate has the Patrol Data automatically copied.
Ctrl+D again for a total of three markers in this chamber.
Link the Necromancer and these points, just as before.
Link the final patrolIdleMarker in the chain to the first. This is "closing the loop".
Just for fun: link the Skeleton to the Necromancer; it will try to follow behind.
Your final arrangement will resemble Fig 5.10. Note the green lines forming a complete loop.

Try running this in-game. Observe the difference: instead of re-tracing steps, the Necromancer should continue in a loop, with the skeleton staying a small distance behind.

PatrolIdleMarker is an Idle Marker which already has a range of subtle animations associated with it. This makes it preferable to other objects, such as an XmarkerHeading, when setting up patrols. There are also other Idle Markers available, such as SearchingTableIdleMarker and WarmHandsStandIdleMarker , which can be used to trigger specific animations which are more deliberate and grounded with the environment. Try swapping some of your patrolIdleMarker objects with these and experiment to get results you're happy with.

Setting Actor Difficulty

You may have noticed that all the Leveled Lists you have placed so far are green. This indicates the default Easy difficulty. Using difficulty variation is a good way to provide some variety and pacing to your dungeon. Try setting some now.

Double-clicking any of your leveled actors and open the Leveled Actor tab.
Specify whatever difficulty you'd like from the drop-down.
Click OK to accept changes.
Note the color change of the lvl marker. (Fig 5.11a-d)

It's a good rule of thumb to set about 50% of your leveled actors to "easy", and not throw too many non-easy actors into any single encounter. It's also generally advised to place only one "very hard" list per dungeon. These, of course, are only guidelines, and may not always be the best course. Test your content mercilessly, get feedback from players, and tune according to that.

The relative difficulty of an encounter is based upon the Encounter Zone, player level and the leveled list itself. So, for example, a level one player who enters a dungeon with an encounter zone of twenty may encounter very difficult draugr, even from the easy leveled lists. Try testing your dungeon by setting yourself to different levels before entering.

Fig. 5.11a:
Easy Leveled List
Fig. 5.11b:
Medium Leveled List
Fig. 5.11c:
Hard Leveled List
Fig. 5.11d:
Very Hard Leveled List